The Assassination of Julius Caesar - 1325 Words

Rome was the most powerful empire that ruled the world, from Europe to Africa, and Syria to Spain. During the first century AD, the Roman Empire ruled with superiority and ruthlessness. The powerful Roman empire became a mirror of civilization of authority, strength to fear, dictatorship, and voraciousness. These powerful aristocrats were emperors, sat on the top of Rome’s social order, but many of these emperors abused their status and ability. Roman emperors’ history was all mixed ingredients of love, assassination, vengeance, terror, voracity, jealousy, and haughtiness. The first century AD of the Roman Empire became a perilous period of imperialism because hereditary rule. Emperors in this epoch were not selected based on their skill†¦show more content†¦By 48 B.C, Pompey is no match in Ceasar’s military capability, he pushed Pompey and his troops out to Italy, and hunt Pompey to Egypt where he slew. Julius Caesar was among the most powerful Roman dictator in ancient Roman Empire. Caesar was becoming powerful and popular that he was the ancient Roman citizen’s conqueror. His unique leadership became his way forward to consulship in 59 B.C. and ultimately a powerful ruler. His power became a fear for Roman ruling class. His power controlled the three important areas in Roman’s life: the military, religion, and politics. His power allowed him to establish a rule to control Rome. In 46 B.C, Caesar secured his office to become a dictator for ten years, which many prominent ruling class was zealously hated him. His dictatorship secured his position as a ruler. Julius Caesar wanted the shift and improved the life of Romans; even so, he needs the blessing of the Senate to pass his laws. The Roman Senate could block the passing of laws which would aid the Roman state. But, Caesar was found not to be manipulated by the Senate. He increased the number of senators to nine hund red to fill vacant positions. He selected senators for a variety of places and positions. The new appointed senators outnumbered the old senate position, mostly supporters of Caesar. Ceasar’s rule was instrumental in reforming and transforming Roman empire. He improved the Roman calendar, and re-arranged the local form of government. He thenShow MoreRelatedThe Assassination of Julius Caesar1768 Words   |  8 Pages Wendy Voong History 101 J.Duran 24 October 2014 The Assassination of Julius Caesar â€Å"The Assassination of Julius Caesar† by Michael Parenti goes into details about the events that lead up to the death of Caesar due to class conflicts. In 44 BC, the assassination of Julius Caesar was lead by conspiring members of the Roman senate who wanted to remove the dictator, who was increasingly acquiring power, and to revive the Republic government. Parentis book protestsRead MoreThe Assassination Of Julius Caesar1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthree of Satan s apprentices the son, father and holy spirit. He is in the ninth circle of hell for his betrayal against the state of Rome, which ultimately lead to the fall of Rome. He was one of the main conspirators in helping in the assassination of Julius Caesar. His sins have landed him in the most treacherous part of hell where he will be thinking about his actions for an eternity. Brutus was born in Macedonia 85 BCE. He had a happy childhood with a positive upbringing. Brutus had a wealthyRead MoreThe Assassination of Julius Caesar1213 Words   |  5 PagesOn the Ides of March one of the most famous assassinations took place; the assassination of the leader of the Roman republic, Julius Caesar. The death of Julius Caesar allowed Gaius Julius Octavius who would later be given the title Augustus by the senate, to enter the political realm of Rome by accepting his inherited power. But before Augustus could gain any control in Rome he had to defeat his opposition, Mark Antony who also sought to gain control of Rome at the time. Augustus managed to defeatRead MoreThe Assassination of Julius Caesar Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesThe Assassination of Julius Caesar The assassination of Julius Caesar in 44BC by conspiring members of the Roman senate was an effort to remove a dictator whose power had grown to extraordinary levels and to revive the Republic government. Caesar’s power span throughout the entire Roman Empire, which during his reign extended from present day Syria, down into parts of Africa, over to Spain, most of France and all of Italy. He had the favor of the people, military and most of the Roman governmentRead MoreThe Assassination Of Julius Caesar As A Roman Dictator1086 Words   |  5 PagesJulius Caesar was a Roman Dictator who was both loved and hated by those that he ruled over. Throughout the world, he has been written about in a variety of different ways and is portrayed as a politician as well as a selfish dictator. Three â€Å"firsthand† accounts that were written to give us a better understanding of Julius Caesar were â€Å"The Assassination of Julius Caesar†, â€Å"Tranquillus, Gaius Suetoniusà ¢â‚¬ , and â€Å"Plutarch, The Assassination of Julius Caesar, from Marcus Brutus†. We will explore the writingsRead MoreThe Assassination Of Julius Caesar By Michael Parenti961 Words   |  4 PagesNicholas Okada 10/21/14 APWH Period 4 Book Review: The Assassination of Julius Caesar by Michael Parenti In The Assassination of Julius Caesar, Michael Parenti highlights the many significant people and events that characterized the late Roman Republic. Specifically, he focuses on the time period between the election of Tiberius Grachus, to the rise of Augustus, the first emperor of Rome. In this account of history, Parenti presents the social, political, and economic aspects of the Roman cultureRead MoreJulius Caesar s Assassination On Rome, Politically And Socially1717 Words   |  7 PagesThis investigation evaluates the question, to what extent did Julius Caesar s assassination affect Rome, politically and socially. Gaius Julius Caesar, famously known for his brilliant military strategies and shrewd political expertise, helped transform the Roman Republic into one of the greatest civilization in the western world. During his reign, Julius Ceasar expanded Rome’s geographical territory across Ancient Europe immensely, conquering areas of present-day France and Britain. The i nvestigationRead MoreJustification of Caesar’s Assassination in Shakespeares The Tragedy of Julius Caesar878 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, wrote the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. The story takes place toward the end of the Roman Republic in 44 BC in Ancient Rome. The play follows the words and actions of the Roman senators, plebeians and their emperor Julius Caesar. As the story begins, readers find out the many of the senators are not pleased with Caesar as a ruler of the Roman people. Two characters, Brutus and Cassius are especially passionate about killing Caesar to end his rule. Through discussing plans andRead MoreGaius Cassius Longinu Part in the Assissination of Julius Ceasar797 Words   |  3 PagesCassius, full name Gaius Cassius Longinus, was recalled as a good soldier with a terrible temper and in politics, irrational and drowned by vanity. In his time he was a Roman senator, also known by his part-taking in the assassination of Julius Caesar. In his early years, he studied philosophy under Archelaus, and was fluent in Greek. His wife, Junia Tertia was the half-sister of co-conspirator Brutus. Cassius served under Crassus, He took part in saving Remnants of the Roman army against theRead MoreJulius Caesar ´s Death: Analysis Essay552 Words   |  3 PagesShould Julius Caesar have been killed? This question has plagued history for years without a real answer. Julius Caesar was corrupt and all powerful, and his death saved Rome. It really is that simple; he declared himself dictator for life and ignored the Senate’s power. A man with that much power can only hurt a nation. Julius Caesar was a blood thirsty man. He fought everyone he could just to extend Rome. (Julius Caesar. ) He savagely killed anyone that got in his way. Many may say that he was

Natural Law Ethical Issue From The Hunger Games Of...

First according to the book natural law is â€Å"a theory asserting that the morally right action is the one that follows the dictates of nature.† (Vaughn 71) I think for natural law the ethical issue from The Hunger Games of government control, dishonesty, violence, and child killing for the selected audience to consider. For the hunger games broke down first deals with Katniss herself and she the girl from district 12 that volunteered as a tribute for her sister in the seventy- fourth Hunger games. Then you have Peeta and he is the baker’s son, which was chose as the male tribute. Peeta as always loved Katniss and falls in even moral love with her as they travel through their journey of the Games together. The setting is in the Region called Panem and in District 12 and the Capitol, with the theme of inequality between the rich and the poor with the different districts. In the sense of the Natural law for this would be the break down of values people are born with because it is telling us that it is okay to kill if you need to live but then it is also entertainment for all the people watching every year as everyone in the games go and kill each other. Also in the natural law you would have the survival of the fittest and that is made every apparent in the first day of the start of the Hunger Games. Then Kantianism according to the books is, â€Å" a theory asserting that the morally right action is the one done in accordance with the categorical imperative.† (Vaughn 71) AlsoShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagessave money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experiencedRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval

Pressure on Student Athletes free essay sample

A 57, Junior in high school, taking three AP classes, class president, all league soccer player, who is hospitalized due to high blood pressure and seizures. The senior quarterback, with tons of friends, granted a full ride scholarship to USC, and has to decline and quit football because of four Fs in his classes. A sophomore basketball player, whos already being scouted by Division 1 schools, taking six challenging classes, and on crutches for the whole season because she continued to play basketball with a twisted ankle and an injured knee. How can such a frightening situation be taking place in these young adults lives? This awful and increasingly problematic scene is happening all over the world, all for the same reasons (Bowen). With social stress, the desire to be popular, academic pressure with the hopes of going to a four year university, and the difficult transition into adulthood, young student athletes must also balance the complicated challenge to be the best in their specialized sport, deal with unnerving parents and coaches, and the constant fear of failing, and some cannot handle it all (Mansfield). We will write a custom essay sample on Pressure on Student Athletes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Playing sports three seasons per year can bring a lot of physical and mental stress, specially between balancing teachers, parents and coaches. Maintaining a 4. 0 and staying active on a sports team often leads to late nights and a lot of pressure on my body, and a big struggle to push through it all! says Emma Stanfield, a sophomore at Sonoma Valley High who plays varsity volleyball, JV basketball, and varsity track, while also taking two AP classes. The older an athlete becomes, the more pressure is put on them to succeed and the less time they have to learn new material and thrive. From a very young age, parents put extreme amounts of stress on their children to strive and outplay their competitors (Remmer). There have been a colossal amount of incidents witnessed of a parent screaming at their young and inexperienced child because they are not shooting the correct way, running fast enough, or giving 110%. Frank Smoll, a professor of sports psychology calls this: Frustrated Jock Syndrome. Frustrated Jock Syndrome is when parents live through their own childs triumphs to reminisce on the glory years of their own sport or to remember what success and the competitive energy feels like, but usually results in damaging the parent-child relationship (Remmer). Some children have formed a need-to-please connection with heir parents, which could conclude in more severe problems later in life. In addition to the parents who are sitting in the bleachers, young athletes also must deal with their own coaches pushing them. There is a fine line between having a skillful and kindhearted coach who wants his/her players to play their best, and a coach who has an only winning will be acceptable attitude and cares more about a trophy than the players. Coaches and parents are the two main people a player should be able to go to for advice, help, and any problems, but if that bond is broken, the young athlete is on the road of no return. By age thirteen, 70% of young athletes will quit their specialized sports, with the top three reasons being adults, coaches, and parents (Weisenberger). Another deciding factor that an athlete faces is other players, whether it be competing against ones own team to be number one, or going head-to- players to push harder and harder to be the best, which is why 62% of sports-related injuries take place at practice (Weisenberger). Despite all of these pressure-filled people in an athletes life, one of the most intimidating and nerveracking stages of an athletes career is college and scholarships. Depending on the age and skill-level of the player, full-ride athletic scholarships become more of a reality everyday (Mansfield). The frightening truth is that only 2% of high school athletes get full-ride athletic scholarships every year, which many players fail to recognize (7-Athletic Scholarships). With the potential of being recruited toa Division 1 team and attending a four-year university, some student athletes have difficulties deciding which subject to focus on: their sport, which they need to be excellent at to be given a scholarship, or schoolwork, working hard to achieve the necessary GPA to be llowed into a good, academic college. Get up. Eat. Go to school. Go to practice. Go home. Do homework. Eat. Sleep. Repeat. With playing sports all year round, it never ends, and student athletes are all very familiar with the word stress, quotes Sami Von Gober, a three-sport superstar with a superb grade point average, who knows firsthand the difficulties of dealing with everything a teenage athlete has to handle. Although athletics and staying active are necessary in certain childrens lives, overdoing sports and exercise can lead to serious complications. Many athletes have heard it before; School comes first, Homework before sports, and If you are too stressed out, you can miss a practice. But with the threat of missing a game if one misses a practice, or extra conditioning drills if a player is late, many young athletes would choose to dismiss a homework assignment rather than miss an extra hour of athletic coaching to help them excel in their sport. Student athletes have a loss of focus in classes due to thinking about their sport. Will they start the next game? How does that one play go agai n? Is practice going to be hard tonight? These are the kinds of questions running through n athletes head while they should be focusing on math equations or science vocabulary. Another problem that is increasing in young athletes is sleep deprivation, which can be hazardous to a childs health, ability to play their sport correctly, and attentiveness in class. Lack of sleep can lead to hallucinations, paranoia, and disorientation, to name a few (Mansfield). The minimum sleep required in young adults is seven and-a-half to eight and-a-half hours, but according to a research done by Dr. Maas, an international consultant on sleep for over four decades and a teacher t Cornell University, high school athletes are getting only five to six hours of sleep per night. Although they may not show immediate signs of health concern, athletes may start exhibiting drowsiness, quick irritability, anxiety, depression, or weight gain/ loss (Pavlov). Studies have shown that stress alone can result in asthma, heart problems, obesity, diabetes, depression, gastrointestinal problems, and accelerated aging. But even if a student athlete is getting eight hours of sleep, eats a healthy, balanced diet, and claims to feel no stress or pressure, there is still a one-fourth hance they could wind up in the ER with a broken or fractured bone, overstressed muscle, or worse. More than 3. 5 million kids between five and fourteen receive medical attention for sports injuries every year, and over 300,000 high school athletes day, and one to two games per week, and repetitive motion of bones and muscles is correlated with sports injury. Although stretching, good gear (shoes, ankle braces, etc. ), and being careful are all preventative measures, injury is always a possibility. Many people recognize the demands placed on student athletes and offer a ariety of choices that can lower the pressure and reduce stress put on them and their bodies. One option a young athlete has that might help reduce stress level is talking to his/her mom, dad, or coach especially if they have Frustrated Jock Syndrome. The athlete could also visit a therapist to discuss what they are feeling during school, sports, and their home and social life. More drastic measures a student athlete could take are switching into less complicated classes where there is less homework, focusing on one, maybe two, sports if an athlete is participating in hree or more competitive sports, or even taking a leave of absence from their designated sport to give the student time to adjust. But not all young athletes have over-bearing parents, three AP classes, and a hard-to-manage body; many students put pressure on themselves, with doing anything to be popular at school, feeling out of place in their own skin, and mentally beating themselves up with every missed shot, turnover, or dropped catch. Although these specific kids might not be struggling with deranged parents or coaches or have daunting classes, they still deserve ttention and help for their struggles. Young athletes have more and more pressure layered on with every intense game, different technique they must master, and the need for college scholarships

White Squall Essay free essay sample

Decisions wont always be as simple as chocolate or vanilla; there will be times when decisions can change the path of life. In Riddle Coots film White Squall, characters made difficult decisions that couldve changed the path of their lives. When decisions are hard to make, there are three ways to get on the right track: make good choices that will make us happy, not making decisions based on fear or anger, and finding a support system that will understand us. Life wont always be perfect, but if we know that there is someone or something that can bring right back on track, we have a Geiger chance of making the right decision.Making decisions that will make us happy, not others can make a huge difference with the outcome of our decision, At the beginning of the film, Chuck made the decision of going on a boat school, the Albatross. We will write a custom essay sample on White Squall Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the same time, his father was questioning him if it was a good idea because a lot of schools did not recognize the Albatross. Deep inside, Chuck knew that it was a good idea, and at the same time he also wanted it. In the end, Chuck made the right decision of going. He learned things there that he couldnt have learned at a regular high school, and those things were reminders and teamwork.Even though some people might not support our decisions, we will not regret the choice because It was made based on what our hearts were saying. Making a mature decision based on truth is better than making a decision based on our emotions. An example of a decision based on emotions was when Frank killed the dolphin. He was angry and tired because of what his father had done to him. His father was very controlling and mean, and he wanted Frank to be someone else he didnt want to, With that, he killed the dolphin, which led him to the consequence of getting kicked out of the boat.On the other hand, a decision based on truth was when Frank rang the bell at court. Chuck told Frank that he had to do what he had to ad and Frank did as told. He realized that the accident was not Skippers fault, if it was someones fault, it would be everyones. Storms are inevitable and unpredictable, and no one could stop it. With that, everyone stood up and started to support each other. Decisions based on emotions will usually result to something regretful, but decisions based on the truth will usually result to happiness. A support system that will understand our joy and pain is an important thing to eave.Dean got into the Albatross with cheating. During an exam, Chuck and Gill confronted him because of cheating on an exam. With that, he confessed that he was having a rough time and he told the truth. Then, Chuck, Gill, and Frank made a small pact together with Dean, so he could do better at school. The pact made Dean excel at school. There was even a time when he did better than Chuck and GIG. Because of the pact, Dean learned that making the right choice was not hard as long he had a support system that backed him up. Support systems are crucial, and it should be used and accommodated.With support systems, making the right choice is easier. But without it, making the right choice is more complicated. Making the right choice is easy, but at the same time making the right choice is also difficult. Recognizing support systems and making decisions based on truth will influence our decisions, the outcome of the decision might not be as good as the outcome of a decision based on the truth. These three steps are crucial when it comes to getting on the right track. It is our choice if we want to recognize our support systems and emotions to make the right choice. White Squall Essay free essay sample Decisions won’t always be as simple as chocolate or vanilla; there will be times when decisions can change the path of life. In Ridley Scott’s film White Squall, characters made difficult decisions that could’ve changed the path of their lives. When decisions are hard to make, there are three ways to get on the right track: make good choices that will make us happy, not making decisions based on fear or anger, and finding a support system that will understand us. Life won’t always be perfect, but if we know that there is someone or something that can bring right back on track, we have a higher chance of making the right decision. Making decisions that will make us happy, not others can make a huge difference with the outcome of our decision. At the beginning of the film, Chuck made the decision of going on a boat school, the Albatross. We will write a custom essay sample on White Squall Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the same time, his father was questioning him if it was a good idea because a lot of schools did not recognize the Albatross. Deep inside, Chuck knew that it was a good idea, and at the same time he also wanted it. In the end, Chuck made the right decision of going. He learned things there that he couldn’t have learned at a regular high school, and those things were friendship and teamwork. Even though some people might not support our decisions, we will not regret the choice because it was made based on what our hearts were saying. Making a mature decision based on truth is better than making a decision based on our emotions. An example of a decision based on emotions was when Frank killed the dolphin. He was angry and tired because of what his father had done to him. His father was very controlling and mean, and he wanted Frank to be someone else he didn’t want to. With that, he killed the dolphin, which led him to the consequence of getting kicked out of the boat. On the other hand, a decision based on truth was when Frank rang the bell at court. Chuck told Frank that â€Å"he had to do what he had to do† and Frank did as told. He realized that the accident was not Skipper’s fault, if it was someone’s fault, it would be everyone’s. Storms are inevitable and unpredictable, and no one could stop it. With that, everyone stood up and started to support each other. Decisions based on emotions will usually result to something regretful, but decisions based on the truth will usually result to happiness. A support system that will understand our joy and pain is an important thing to have. Dean got into the Albatross with cheating. During an exam, Chuck and Gil confronted him because of cheating on an exam. With that, he confessed that he was having a rough time and he told the truth. Then, Chuck, Gil, and Frank made a small pact together with Dean, so he could do better at school. The pact made Dean excel at school. There was even a time when he did better than Chuck and Gil. Because of the pact, Dean learned that making the right choice was not hard as long he had a support system that backed him up. Support systems are crucial, and it should be used and accommodated. With support systems, making the right choice is easier. But without it, making the right choice is more complicated. Making the right choice is easy, but at the same time making the right choice is also difficult. Recognizing support systems and making decisions based on truth will make us feel more secure with making the right choice. If we let our emotions influence our decisions, the outcome of the decision might not be as good as the outcome of a decision based on the truth. These three steps are crucial when it comes to getting on the right track. It is our choice if we want to recognize our support systems and emotions to make the right choice.

Anatomy review Essay Example

Anatomy review Essay Example Anatomy review Paper Anatomy review Paper Chapter 8 Test Review Multiple Choice . Which is not a part of the axial skeleton? A. rib vertebral column B. mandible C. clavicle D. Which is not a part of the appendicular skeleton? 2. coxal bones A. parietal bones radius The axial skeleton consists of: 3. 60 bones. 68 bones. 74 bones. 80 bones. The appendicular skeleton consists of: 4. 102 bones. 118 bones. 126 bones. 137 bones. The term sinus, as it relates to bone markings, may be defined as a: A. 5. or projection. raised area 6. 7. cavity within a bone. tubelike opening or channel. groove or elongated depression. Which bone is a part of the axial skeleton? Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? scapula 8. 9. parietal Which suture is between the occipital and parietal bones? A. squamous lambdoidal sagittal D. coronal Mastoiditis is the inflammation of a sinus within the frontal sphenoid temporal 10. Which skull bone articulates with the first vertebra? A. temporal B. occipital C. sphenoid D. ethmoid bone(s). A. maxillae 1 1 . The upper parts of the nasal septum and the side walls of the nasal cavity are formed by the bone(s). A. nasal B. sphenoid C. ethmoid D. maxillae 12. Which of the following is a true statement? A. The ethmoid is a flat bone that lies anterior to the sphenoid. B. The ethmoid is an irregular bone that lies posterior to the sphenoid, but anterior to the nasal bones. C. The ethmoid is an irregular bone that lies anterior to the sphenoid, but posterior to the nasal bones. D. The ethmoid is a short bone that lies anterior to the nasal bones. 13. Which of the following bones does not articulate with the maxillae? A. palatine B. mandible C. inferior concha D. zygomatic 14. If the cribriform plate is damaged, there is a chance of: A. passing from the ear to the brain. B. food passing from the mouth into the nose. C. difficulty chewing. D. infectious materials passing from the nose to the brain. infectious materials bone in the skull. unossified area in the infants skull. articulation between two skull bones. small opening. 16. The upper part of the sternum is called the: A. costal cartilage. B. xiphoid process. C. body. D. manubrium. 17. The skeletal framework of the neck consists of: A. lumbar vertebrae. B. thoracic vertebrae. C. sacral vertebrae. D. cervical vertebrae. 18. The number of thoracic vertebrae is: c. 10. D. 12. 19. All vertebrae, except the sacrum and coccyx, have a central opening called the: A. inous process. B. vertebral foramen. C. dens. D. transverse process. 20. The thoracic cage (the thorax) includes all of the following bones except: A. the scapula. 21. 12 pairs of ribs. the vertebral column. the sternum. The laymans name for the clavicle is the: collar bone. kneecap. shinbone. elbow. 22. The trochlea and capitulum can be described as: B. parts of the proximal end of the ulna. C. distal portions of the humerus. D. metacarpal bones. 23. The human hand has greater dexterity than the forepaw of any animal because of the freely movable Joint of the: A. elbow. B. shoulder. C. wrist. D. thumb. 24. The ulna articulates proximally with the: A. carpal bones. B. humerus. C. scapula. D. none of the above. 25. Metacarpal bones form the framework of the: A. wrist. B. hand. C. ankle. D. foot. 26. The pisiform bone can be found in the: B. ankle. C. neck. D. skull. 27. The structure above the pelvic inlet, which is bordered by muscle in the front and bone along the sides and back, is called the: A. pelvic brim. B. false pelvis. C. pelvic girdle. D. true pelvis. 28. The anterior of the pelvic girdle is formed by the: A. sacrum. B. ilium. C. ischium. D. pubis. 29. During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the: A. elvic outlet. B. symphysis pubis. C. pelvic brim. 30. The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the: 31. tibia. fibula. coxal. femur. A person with a fractured patella would expect discomfort in the: A. elbow. knee. head. ankle. 32. Which of the following is not a tarsal bone? A. cuneiform B. navicular C. scaphoid D. talus 33. Which of the following is not true? A. The pubic arch in the male is less than a 90-degree angle. B. The female facial area is more pronounced than that of the male. C. The iliac crest is more flared in the female than in the male. D. The male pelvic cavity is more narrow that that of the emale. 34. A hunchback appearance of the thoracic region is probably due to: A. lordosis. B. scoliosis. C. kyphosis. D. slipped disks. 35. Lateral curvature of the spine is called: A. scoliosis. B. lordosis. D. convexity. 36. All of the following are clinical signs and symptoms of a fracture except: A. soft tissue edema. B. realignment of the bone. C. false motion. D. pain. 37. Which of the following bones is not a part of the face? B. zygomatic C. lacrimal D. maxilla 38. Which of the following bones do not contain paranasal sinuses? A. frontal B. maxilla C. zygomatic D. sphenoid 39. The occipital bone forms which number of Joints with other bones? A. 1 40. The largest of the paranasal sinuses is found in this bone. A. sphenoid D. frontal 41. Another name for the zygomatic bone is the: A. malar. B. sphenoid. C. ethmoid. D. sesamoid. 42. Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is: A. sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical. B. coccyx, sacral lumbar, thoracic, and cervical. C. cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, and coccyx. D. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx. 43. The structure that furnishes the axis for the rotation of the head from side to ide is the: A. dens. B. spinous process. C. vertebral foramen. 44. Going from proximal to distal, the bones of the upper extremity would be: A. metacarpals, carpals, ulna, and humerus. B. carpals, metacarpals, ulna, and humerus. C. humerus, radius, metacarpals, and carpals. D. humerus, radius, carpals, and metacarpals. femur, tibia, carpals, and metacarpals. B. metacarpals, tarsals, femur, and tibia. C. femur, tibia, tarsals, and metatarsals. D. tarsals, metatarsals, femur, and tibia. Matching Match the bones with their locations. ethmoid hyoid E. axillae F. occipital palatine G. H. . temporal K. ygomatic 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. neck bone keystone of face keystone of cranium upper Jaw cheek bone lower Jaw forehead contains middle and inner ear structures lower, posterior skull bone bat-shaped skull bone posterior of hard palate femur fibula humerus coxal E. radius . ribs ste rnum . tibia ulna vertebrae 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. olecranon fossa acetabulum lateral malleolus semilunar notch greater sciatic notch xiphoid process transverse process linea aspera medial malleolus atlas 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. bturator foramen radial tuberosity reater trochanter acromion process pedicle Match the terms with the correct statement or definition. body false ribs floating ribs manubrium E. true rib . xiphoid process costal cartilage 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. first seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum eleventh and twelfth ribs, which have no attachment to the sternum middle part of the sternum most superior part of the sternum the blunt, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum the five pairs of ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum the material that attaches the rib, directly or indirectly, to the sternum

Barangay Information System Essay Essays

Barangay Information System Essay Essays Barangay Information System Essay Essay Barangay Information System Essay Essay Significance of the Study -This survey was made to happen out that the usage of abode information system will decrease the clip for the dealing of encoding. Besides in utilizing this system it can acknowledge the individual involve in this survey. To the Barangay – It will assist for them to decrease the clip for the dealing of encoding. The system will be the nose count like holding a system of the barangay for all of its components and new people who will populate in the topographic point. The system will be effectual in keeping. seeking and hive awaying of records of all occupant in the barangay. To the Residence – For they will be accommodated easy for they will hold an designation that can be used to entree their histories if there are some alterations to be done in their portion. It will besides be easy for them in bespeaking some information and services because the barangay had already hold it. This will besides guarantee the occupants that their information is decently secured and maintain through the use of the proposed system. To the Secretary of the Barangay – It will assist to form the record and supervise the information of the abode. Foreign For farther apprehension of the survey. the research workers made usage of different reading stuffs related to the information system. These stuffs such as books. magazines. newspapers. thesis and other web articles are indispensable in broadening the cognition of the research workers. These will besides steer the research workers to accomplish their mark aims by acquiring thoughts on other related surveies and do betterments as possible. Harmonizing to Jennifer Rowley ( 2005 ) . information system are a tool to back up information direction. Information systems are progressively being used in organisations with the object of supplying competitory advantage. The information systems used by organisations can be grouped into different types such as dealing processing system. executive information system. adept systems and office information systems. Information Technology has heralded the coming of the information society. The University of Minnesota Research and Training Center has released its one-year Residential Information Systems Project study. The study provides state-by-state statistics with long-run tendencies on residential services. scenes. populations and expenditures for people with developmental disablements in province. nonstate. and Medicaid-funded residential plans. Features of occupants. motion and staffing forms in big province residential installations are included. The study uses 2012 information to analyze tendencies in residential supports for people with developmental disablements. The study found that the bulk of people with IDD that do non populate with a household member live in a scene with three or fewer people with IDD. with more than three-fourths sharing a place with six of fewer people. The study notes that there are important differences in the informations between provinces for many subject countries. including puting size. waiting lists. and mean outgos for HCBS. O’Brien. ( 2011 ) defines information system as the organized combination of people. hardware. package. communicating webs and informations resources. that control. transform and disseminateinformation in an organisation. In partial fulfillment for the demands in Software Project presented to the module of IT Department Ebora. Vanessa Grace I.Casas. Lori Anne S.Rapisora. Sheryl L.Tambongco. Steven Chapter 1The Problem and Its BackgroundIntroduction Puting of the StudyThe survey was conducted at Barangay Katipunan-Bayani which has a approximative popul. ation of 8. 000 occupants. The barangay is located at Rodriguez Ave. Tanay. Rizal. Vicinity map of Barangay Katipunan-Bayani Theoretical Model Conceptual Model Statement of the Problem This discuss about the jobs of bing system that will be resolve by the research worker through computerized Residence Information Sysytem1. Open- beginning informations2. Back-up storage incase of loss3. Time consuming of registering application signifier4. Sharing of paperss5. File storage AimsGeneralThe research worker aims to develop a system that will assist the client to cut down the burden of the barangay staffs in salvaging the occupants files. Specific1. Have a security to secured all the of import records of the occupants.2. Have a back-up storage file in instance of perverting informations.3. Have a network-based for easy transferring of file needed.4. Have a information base for informations storage. Scope and Restriction The system is designed to hold a security for the records to be secured that merely the authorised individual can merely manage the system. It can be saved on a booklet for file back-up. It has informations base for storage of saved informations. It can publish paperss such as Barangay Clearance. Indigency etc. The system can non bring forth difficult transcript of entire records of barangay components. it did non incorporate abode figure.

Quality Service Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quality Service Management - Case Study Example Spencer was in maintaining quality service by the hotel staff as a result of which he and his family had to wait for a long time before they could finally check in into their room. There were also unavailability of staff to escort them to their room as they had luggages and also a kid. They had to struggle to reach their room this indicates a clear service quality gap as the hotel was not being able to meet the basic requirements of their guests. The guests waited for a long time in queue due to inefficiency of the front desk operators. The hotel even did not possess an effective knowledge management which resulted into same room being allocated to two guests. There was even lack of communication between the hotel staff and guests and this caused the guests to wait for a long time for services such as availability of even room keys. The staff of the hotel also did not take to deliver appropriate services to the guest and there were no staff available to attend the guests if they came after 11pm. Remington Hotel was not able to handle queries of the customers and neither had efficient staffs who could deliver the guests standard services and even could contribute towards making the experience of their guests at their hotel a memorable one. The most important service quality dimension that needs to be considered by Madeline for further service improvement was assurance. The hotel staff and even design of the facilities that were offered to the guests was very low in assuring that they were able to meet quality standards in comparison to other hotels. Madeline needs to improve assurance factor so as to deliver high quality services to all its guests. The main factors that build this assurance aspect are well trained staff, technologically advanced system and quick services as per the requirements of their guests (Lockyer, 2013, pp. 75-76). These factors need to be handled very effectively so that the guests do not come up with such

Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Rights - Essay Example Raising the voice for an independent and free form of government is the basic right of each individual. Besides this, civil rights are being violated all over the world which is against the charter international of human rights. Injustice on domestic and international level, lack of freedom of speech, and expression are few of the issues being faced in terms of human rights. Gender and human rights are usually co related in terms of their relevance to each other. The fair gender is often subjected to inhumane treatment, sexual abuses, and physical assaults. Protection against all these aforementioned factors is possible through the fulfillment of the human rights accords. The human rights laws entail all those necessary steps and proceedings which ensure protection of the weak. Besides the physical aspect, the weak gender is often subject to number of restrictions and confined to four walls. It is totally against the human rights. Hence, protection of the weaker gender can be ensured through the presence and practicing of human rights laws and principles. The concept of capability approach pertains to the transformation of a society with regard to its economic position, social improvement, political maturity and other variables that affect the society. It aims at identifying and mitigating the factors that result in the imbalance amongst various components of the society. This approach in broader perspective is termed as an element that helps determining causal relationship amongst the various segments of society and the tools under use. This concept is often loosely termed as the continuation of the concepts of Karl Marx, Adam Smith and Aristotle. However in modern times the man behind this concept is Amartya Sen who came up with this economical proposition with regard to the various elements of the society in a generic manner. Capability

Consumer Behavior Essay Example for Free

Consumer Behavior Essay Consumer behavior is an attempt to understand predict human actions in the buying role. It has assumed growing importance under market-oriented or customer oriented marketing planning management. Consumer behavior is defined as â€Å"all psychological, social physical behavior of potential customers as they become aware of, evaluate, purchase, consume, tell others about product services†. * Each element in this definition is important. * Consumer behavior involves both individual (psychological) processes group (social processes). * Consumer behavior is reflected from awareness right through post-purchase evaluation indicating satisfaction or non-satisfaction, from purchases * Consumer behavior includes communication, purchasing consumption behavior * Consumer behavior is basically social in nature. Hence social environment plays an important role in shaping buyer behavior. * Consumer behavior includes both consumer business buyer behavior In consumer behavior we consider not only why, how, what people buy but other factors such as where , how often, and under what conditions the purchase is made. An understanding of the buyer behavior is essential in marketing planning programmes. In the final analysis buyer behavior is one of the most important keys to successful marketing. MAJOR FACTORS INFLUENCING BUYER BEHAVIOUR CULTURAL FACTORS Cultural factors exert the broadest and deepest influence on consumer behavior. The roles played by the buyers culture, sub culture and social class are particularly important. * CULTURE- Culture is the most fundamental determinant of a person’s wants and behavior. The growing child acquires a set of values, perceptions, preferences, and behavior through his or her family or other key institutions. * SUB-CULTURE- Sub-culture includes nationalities, religions, racial groups, and geographical regions. Many sub-cultures make up important market segments, and marketers often design marketing programs tailored to their needs. * SOCIAL CLASS- Social classes are relatively homogenous and enduring divisions in a society, which are hierarchically ordered and whose members share similar values, interests, and behavior. Social classes do not reflect income alone but also other indicators such as occupation, education, and area of residence. SOCIAL FACTORS * REFERNCE GROUPS- A Person’s reference groups consist of all the groups that have a direct or indirect influence on the person’s attitudes or behavior. Groups having direct influence on a person are called membership groups. * FAMILY- The family is the most important consumer buying organization in society, and has been researched extensively. Family members constitute the most influential primary reference group. * ROLE AND STATUSES- A person’s position in each group that he participates throughout his life –family, clubs, and organizations can be defined in terms of role and status. A role consist of activities that a person is expected to perform. Each role carries a status. Marketers are aware of the status symbol potential of products and brands. PERSONAL FACTORS A buyer’s decisions are also influenced by personal characteristics. These include the buyer’s age stage in the life cycle, occupation, economic circumstances, lifestyle, personality self concept. * AGE STAGE IN THE LIFE CYCLE- People buy different goods services over their lifetime. They eat baby food in the early years, most foods in the growing mature years special diets in the later years. People’s taste in clothes, furniture recreation is also age related. * OCCUPATION- A person’s occupation also influences his or her consumption pattern. Marketers try to identify the occupational groups that have above – average interest in their products and services. A company can even specialize its products for certain occupational groups. * ECONOMIC CIRCUMCTANCES- Product choices are greatly affected by one’s economic circumstances. Economic stability consist of their spend able income (its level, stability and time pattern), saving and asse ts (including the percentage that is liquid), debts, borrowing power, attitude toward spending versus saving. * LIFESTYLE- People coming from the same subculture, social class occupation may lead quite different lifestyles. A person’s lifestyles the person’s pattern of living in the world as expressed in the persons activities, interests opinions. * PERSONALITY AND SELF-CONCEPT- Each person has a distinct personality that influences his or her buying behavior. By personality, we mean a person’s distinguishing psychological characteristics that lead to relatively consistent and enduring responses to his or her environment. Personality can be a useful variable in analyzing consumer behavior, provided that personality type can be classified accurately and that strong correlations exist between certain personality types and product or brand choices. PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS A person’s buying choices are influenced by four major psychological factors-motivations, perception, learning, beliefs and attitudes. * MOTIVATION- A person has many needs at any given time. A need becomes motive when it is aroused to a sufficient level of intensity. Motivational researchers hold that each product is capable of arousing a unique set of motive in consumers. * LEARNING- When people act they learn. Learning involves changes in an individual’s behavior arising from experience. Learning theory teaches marketers that they can build up demand for a product by associating it with strong drives, using motivating cues and providing positive reinforcement. * PERCEPTION- Perception is the process by which an individual selects, organizes, interprets information inputs to create a meaningful picture of the world. A motivated person is ready to act. How the motivated person actually acts is influenced by his or her perception of the situation. * BELIEFS ATTITUDES- A belief is a descriptive thought that a person holds about something. Through doing learning, people acquire beliefs attitudes. These in turn influence their buying behavior. Particularly important to global marketers is the fact that buyers often hold distinct disbeliefs about brands or products based on their country of origin. An attitude is person’s enduring favorable or unfavorable evaluations, emotional feelings, and action tendencies towards some object or idea. People have attitude toward almost everything: religion, politics, clothes, music, food, and so on. Attitude put them into a frame of mind of liking or disliking an object, moving toward or away from it.

Interaction Between Major Environmental Systems

Interaction Between Major Environmental Systems ‘Explain how the major environmental systems (atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere) interact and are interrelated’ In this assignment I will discuss and explain how our four major environmental systems the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere interact and are interrelated. I will explain each one individually then go onto detailing how they link with one another with examples of photosynthesis, respiration and precipitation with the help of conceptual diagrams, lecture notes and my own personal knowledge. Our planet is made up of four basic ‘spheres’ or also known as ‘the four great realms of earth’ (Strahler and Strahler, 1994, pp. 7-7). Each serves a purpose and is interrelated with one-another and requires each other to form the life-cycle we live in. Figure 1 below shows a basic form of how our four main environmental systems interact: Figure 1: Interactive processes (Lal, Kimble, and Follett, 1997, 4.) Our atmosphere consists of many elements and plays an important part in making our planet inhabitable and sustainable for life. It comprises of around 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon and a small trace of gases such as carbon dioxide (earth system pp). There are also several layers which can be split up which are the Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere and the Ionosphere (White, 1984, pp. 71 -71). The atmosphere today has been derived from the Earth itself by chemical and biochemical reactions (White, 1984, pp. 68 68) and also plays a vital role in creating our Earth’s weather systems. The hydrosphere is the Earth’s liquid cycle; it contains our rivers, lakes, oceans, streams, glaciers and groundwater and is linked into our water cycle. It’s our most dominate environmental system and covers around 70% of the earth’s surface which it contrives of features for plants and animals to inhabit. It also contains 1.4 billion cubic kilometres of water and water is essential to life and required for the survival of organisms (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 7 7). The biosphere can be referred as the part of our environmental system where life exists. The term biosphere is used to describe either this veneer of life, or these organisms together with the surface environments in which they interact (White, 1984, pp. 128 128). It consists of abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) components and it extends from our deepest oceans all the way to around 10km above sea level (earth system pp) and incorporates all different kinds of organisms and species. The Pedosphere is the Earth’s outer layer which contrive of soils and soil formations. It can also be linked in with the Lithosphere but has its own determined category. It provides a solid foundation for sustainability for plants and other organisms to live. The major factors influencing soil and soil development are parent material, climate, vegetation and time (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 240 240). There are two main classes of soils which are primary and secondary which vary in terms of substance. Photosynthesis is the process by which higher plants, algae, and certain species of bacterial transform and store solar energy in the form of energy-rich organic molecules (Eaton-Rye, Tripathy, Sharkey, 2011, pp 1-1) and is a direct interaction between the atmosphere and biosphere. The process occurs from when the sun releases energy rays into our atmosphere which are absorbed by the biosphere within plants via their leaves, they then use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen, sugar and starch which is used as a food source by plants. Plants contain chloroplasts which makes the scenario of photosynthesis possible. They then release oxygen back into our atmosphere which humans intake and release back carbon dioxide to complete the cycle. This interaction between the atmosphere and biosphere in terms of collaborating and enhancing organisms. Photosynthesis also contributes towards ‘fossil fuels’ (i.e., coals, oil, and gas) that power the industrial s ociety. The fuels provide energy to fuel factories, homes and also raw materials such as plastics and other materials (Bassham, 2014). Figure 2 below shows the basic process in which photosynthesis occurs and how the cycle works: Figure 2: Diagram showing Photosynthesis (n. d.) In return, respiration occurs from the process of photosynthesis in animals and plant life contributing to the atmosphere where energy is released from glucose and other substances. Respiration, which occurs in mitochondrial and bacterial membranes, utilizes energy present in organic molecules to fuel a wide range of metabolic reactions critical for cell growth and development (Eaton-Rye, Tripathy, Sharkey, 2011, pp 1-1). There are two types of respiration, the first being aerobic which are common in all higher plants and animals and the process occurs within living cells and oxygen. It is a permanent process that continues throughout the life of plants and animals. The second is anaerobic and is common in microorganisms but very rare in higher plants and animals. The process occurs in the absence of oxygen and can be toxic to plants and animals (‘Major Differences’, n.d.). Respiration breaks down food molecules which occur inside cells to release energy, this is known as the oxygen cycle which animals and humans consume oxygen discharged by plants through the basis of metabolism. Carbon dioxide is then released by animals and humans in which plants then absorb and the whole cycle begins again starting with photosynthesis which forms part of an interrelated system and sustainability for life. Figure 3 below shows the process of the oxygen cycle with respiration between animals and plants in working order: Figure 3: The Oxygen Cycle (n.d) Precipitation is a direct interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere. Water exists in the air in the form of humidity, clouds, fog and precipitation (Introducing physical geography p 77). Precipitation can form in two ways. In the first, cloud droplets collide and coalesce into larger and larger water droplets that fall as rain. In the second, ice crystals form and grow in a cloud that contains a mixture of both ice crystals and water droplets (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 86 86). There are many forms of precipitation which include rain, freezing rain, snow, sleet and hail which form a part of the water cycle. It also plays a part in creating our weather system which can affect the environmental systems on our planet. Rain develops when the droplets clouds hold become too heavy to sustain and eventually fall to the ground producing rain. Rain can also start out as being small ice crystals which then turn into snowflakes and as the temperature gets warmer with the flakes falling they warm up and melt into rain droplets. These rain drops can benefit organisms in the biosphere such as plants for food and growth. Snow is formed by the process of water vapour turning into ice crystals from within clouds, the process is called sublimation (‘Sublimation from Snow and Ice’, n.d.) and the snow never melts on its way down to the ground. Hail is the process of where raindrops collaborate and freeze and when the clumps get too heavy for clouds to hold they fall to the ground. Hail can form in all different sizes from tiny pebble shapes to anything up to the size of a cricket ball. Sleet is the simple form of frozen raindrops which melt then refreeze in sleet as it falls to the ground. It begins as either rain or snow which falls through layers of cold air which contains temperatures below freezing. Figure 4 below shows the water cycle with precipitation incorporated into it: Figure 4: The water Cycle ‘USGS’ U.S Dept. of the Interior, U.S Geological Survey In conclusion our planet contrives of many different environments which contain contrasting forms of organisms and life. Us as humans have categorised and produced cycles in which all these processes occur. The cycles play a major role in how life is sustained on our planet and each cycle relies and interacts with one another in maintaining the constant flow needed. Having these processes helps us understand how things work and how we can help make a difference to insuring to managing our environment for future generations. Word count References: Bassham, J. A. (2014, August 27). Photosynthesis (biology). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/458172/photosynthesis (n. d.) Retrieved 6 December 2014, from https://biochemunrated.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/jgjffjf.jpg (n.d.) Retrieved 30 November 2014, from http://www.ecoregionproject.weebly.com/nitrogen-oxygen-and-carbon-cycles.html Major Differences. (n.d.) Retrieved 6 December 2014, from http://www.majordifferences.com/2013/05/difference-between-aerobic-and.html Sublimation from Snow and Ice. (n.d). Retrieved 7 December 2014, from http://link.springer.com/referenceworkenentry/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_686 The Water Cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved 7 December 2014, from http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html Bibliography: Dury, G. H. (1981). Introduction to Environmental Systems: Tchrs’. United Kingdom: Heinemann. Eaton-Rye, J., Tripathy, B. C., Sharkey, T. (2011). Photosynthesis: Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Assimilation. Gresswell, R. K., Cooper, H. J. (1971). The geography of the earth as a globe. Amersham: Hulton Educational Publications Ltd. Organizations, B. on I.S and Affairs, P. and G. (2009) Frontiers in Soil Science Research: Report of a Workshop. United States: National Academies Press. Strahler, A. and Strahler, A. (1994) Introducing Physical Geography. United States: John Wiley and Sons (WIE). White, I. (1984) Environmental Systems. London: Chapman Hall.

What Is the Distinction Between Equal Opportunities and Managing Diversity? How Is It Possible to Justify Either in an Organisation?

What is the distinction between equal opportunities and managing diversity? How is it possible to justify either in an organisation? What are the distinctions between equal opportunities and managing diversity? Equal opportunity ensures that all personnel decisions that relate to recruitment, pay and promotion are only based on an individual’s capability to do their job well. Equal Opportunities: The term used to describe ‘policies and practices that tackle inequalities, aiming to ensure that all staff are treated fairly, and that service users do not experience discrimination’Equal opportunity is concerned with keeping within the law; all organisations are required by law not to discriminate an individual by reasons of their colour, marital status, disability, gender, race, nationality or ethnic or national origins. At the very least organisations should abide by the; Equal Pay Act 1970, Sex Discrimination Act 1975, Race Relations Act 1976 and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Diversity however is a more wide-ranging approach to equal opportunity. Diversity focuses on valuing the varying of qualities that employees bring to their job and organisation. Managing diversity therefore is when a manager creates an environment where the employees feel valued for their individual talents and where the employee’s skills and competencies are fully utilised. Taking advantage of all employees’ full potential will benefit the organisation in many ways; such as it will encourage employees to work to the best of their ability and a wide range of experience, creativity and ideas will be brought to the organisation. Managing diversity can be defined as ‘a planned, systematic and comprehensive managerial process for creating an organisational environment in which all employees can contribute to the strategic and competitive advantage of the organisation, and where no one is excluded on the basis of factors unrelated to production. ’ Equal opportunities within the workforce have many advantages; everyone is treated fairly and without prejudice, removing barriers which impact more harshly on individuals of reasons such as gender, disability, and race, focusing on an individuals abilities rather then who they are. Furthermore the concept of equal opportunities also has its disadvantages; positions such as nurses are mostly seen as a ‘women’s job’ therefore a patient might not be comfortable with having a male nurse and a job that requires heavy lifting is seen as a male position therefore a male is more likely to be recruited. If two candidates both have the qualifications needed for the job description, managers may feel that they should recruit the candidate who fits the equal opportunity policies rather then the candidate who they feel is more suitable to cope better with the dedication that the job requires. Diversity within the workforce has many advantages. These advantages include; a greater access to a wider range of individual strengths, experiences and perspectives, a greater understanding of the diverse groups of potential and existing customers represented within the workforce, better communication with these diverse groups of potential and existing customers and an improved legitimacy and organisational image across a wider audience. Diversity within the workforce also has disadvantages as well as advantages. Some of the disadvantages include; an increase in conflict among the workforce as differences in opinion makes it more difficult to agree on solutions, poorer internal communication because levels of knowledge and comprehension differ between employees, an increase in the management costs that arise from dealing with potential conflict and communication problems. Valuing diversity means that organisations recognise that all individuals have complex identities made up of many strands. These can include, but are not limited to, gender, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation physical and mental aptitudes, nationality, socio-economic status, and religious, political or other beliefs. This means we embrace and celebrate our differences in a positive environment, and are committed to engage with the needs of our diverse staff and users to enable us, both individually and corporately, to achieve our aims. From 1971 to 2001 the rate of female participation in the workplace had increased from 56. % to 72%. This increase is due to equal opportunities; all organisations are required by law not to discriminate an individual by their gender, both men and women are equal. The Sex Discrimination Act meant that both men and women are to be treated equally in the recruitment and selection process therefore resulting to an increase of female participation in the workplace which then resulted to a decrease in male participation rate, now at 84% (Equal Opportunities Review). However equal opportunity is not yet completely equal; for instance pay differentials between men and women have only narrowed down a little since initial improvement after implementation of Equal Pay Act 1970, women still earn 18% less. Racial and ethnic groups’ rate of unemployment is still more compared to white population. Also disabled peoples’ rate of employment is 53% compared to 84% for non disabled. Age discrimination often occurs; both being too young and being too old is discriminated against. Coded language in a job description is used to identify the age range in which they managers are looking for. Managers tend to see young applicants as less worthy and less capable of fulfilling the job position. Managers also see old applicants as unreliable and they are not regarded as long term workers so they are less likely to hire an older applicant. Not all discrimination however is direct discrimination. Indirect discrimination can occur; this is when a requirement is applied equally but it affects one group more negatively then the others. Managers are faced with a number of problems when it comes to equal opportunities and diversity. Firstly they are faced with the problem of how to ensure fairness; it is not always possible to comply with the rules, for instance where a job requires heavy lifting it is more practical to seek a male worker as they are known to be the psychically stronger sex however this is not always the case. Another question managers need to face is should they ignore the differences and treat people equally or acknowledge differences and treat people differently? Everyone is an individual and therefore their differences should be taken into account when a manager makes a decision; for instance an employer has to make reasonable adjustments in respect of a disabled employee. Equality and diversity is vital for both the employees and the success of the organisation. Managers have a moral obligation to treat all individual with the same fairness and equality. It is important for managers to make their decisions without prejudice and stereotype. However it could be argued that a manager’s aim is increase profit not morality. Equality and diversity is also important to the success of a business. Equality and diversity would lead to a positive company image; therefore attracting customers and creating customer loyalty. However it is difficult to find a meaningful measure of equality and diversity. How is it possible to justify equal opportunities and managing diversity in an organisation? Tesco is an example of an organisation that tries to provide diversity for all individuals, no matter their differences. For example Tesco has devoted itself to providing more employment opportunities to disabled people by signing agreements with disability employment providers Remploy and the Shaw Trust. This has lead to 400 disabled people getting recruited. â€Å"The local community is very important to Tesco and these vital agreements ensure we help local disabled people to find employment† announced Claire Peters, head of resources. Another example is that Tesco tries to extend its workforce’s working knowledge of religions operating in the UK. Tesco issues employees with religious toolkits to improve their knowledge and understanding of all religions and their corresponding festivals, daily routines and eating habits. Tesco also provide mangers with a support pack at Ramadan which help them understand how to support staff and customers better during this time of fasting for Muslims. ‘Everyone is welcome’ is the name given to Tesco’s diversity work and it is driven by the value ‘look after our staff so they can look after our customers. Everyone is welcome trains managers so that they will feel more confident in encouraging talent from more under represented groups. Tesco takes part in national benchmarking surveys, giving them an independent assessment of how they perform under each area of diversity. This year they were awarded Gold standard in the Opportunity Now benchmarking survey and they were also recognised as an Age Positive Employer Champion by the Department of Work and Pensions. They ha ve recently completed the Employer's Forum on Disability Survey and the Stonewall Diversity Champions Index. In addition another organisation that aims to provide diversity within the workforce is Toys R Us. Toys â€Å"R† Us is a major retailer of toys and children's merchandise and has stores spread across the world. To ensure the employees are comfortable with discussing differences, Toys R Us chose to begin their workforce diversity with one day of LIFO training. LIFO training has gone beyond the successful, turnover-reducing diversity program to take an important part in the management development curriculum and in training line managers to facilitate performance improvement with store personnel. The workforce diversity program aims to encourage employees to discuss their differences and to ensure they feel comfortable and to provide a great source of insight. It is aimed to enable their participants to open up and share with each other their own styles and how their styles had helped or hindered them in the business setting. Including LIFO training in the diversity workforce program has enabled Toys R Us to achieve a number of key program goals and it has helped participants identify behaviours they want to change and what will motivate them to change. In conclusion the distinction between equal opportunities and managing diversity is; equal opportunities are policies that tackle inequality such as race and gender whereas managing diversity focuses on the varying of qualities whereby managers create an environment where the employees feel valued for their individual talents. The equity and diversity policies are designed to develop equal opportunities policies, provide training, review recruitment, selection, promotion and training procedures, consider the organisations image, set an action plan and draw up a clear and reasonable job criteria. References: Managing diversity (Online) Available at: http://www. ncvo-vol. org. uk/askncvo/index. asp? id=178 Accessed on 23/4/08 Tesco diversity (Online) Available at: http://www. tescocorporate. com/page. aspx? pointerid=7CA5D7226B6E40808B3FFC797B2443D7 Accessed on: 24/4/08 Diversity and equal opportunities (Online) Available at: http://www. nationalarchives. gov. uk/jobs/equalopportunities. htm Accessed on: 25/4/08 Toys R Us (Online) Available at: http://www. bcon-lifo. com/doc_library/ToysRUs_turnover. htm Accessed on: 25/4/08

Critics Andrea Stuart and Mary O’ Connor Essay

Many would argue that men hold the power in â€Å"The Colour Purple†. Explore the opinions of critics Andrea Stuart and Mary O’ Connor and explain your own view of what Alice Walker has to say about the power in â€Å"The Colour Purple†. In the novel ‘The Colour Purple’ power is represented differently throughout. One way in which this power is shown is through men in the novel. At the beginning men dominate and are depicted as a higher authority figure to women, it seems the men rule the women’s lives. However we can also argue that women are equally strong whilst others evolve into more powerful figures. Power through sisterhood is demonstrated through the fact that Shug gives Celie companionship, something Celie may not have felt since she was separated from her sister Nettie. Through Celie and Shug’s relationship Celie has gained strength in herself and has been shown to stick up for herself. We see this when Shug announces she is taking Celie and Mary Agnes with her as Celie stands up to Albert. This shows us Celie is learning to become independent. This represents one aspect of female power in the novel and it also shows that by having friends to support them these women are able to leave their â€Å"lowdown dogs† behind and with the belief in themselves they can build their own future. Female solidarity is shown where we see Celie’s protection for her mother and sister Nettie. Although she has no real proof on whether Nettie is alive and well, she never stops believing she will one day be reunited with her sister. From this we can see that if men had the will power and strength the women do in the novel, they would be able to make their hard and miserable life easier and more bearable. Celie after everything she has been through and all the misery she has been put through by various characters mainly male’s, she still has hope and can see a brighter future for herself and to be reunited with her sister and become a family. The love shared between Shug and Celie was getting closer and more passionate. Shug’s feelings for Celie to us seemed true even though she had male sexual partners Celie still seemed more important to Shug than any other of her male partners. Andrea Stuart expresses that Celie doesn’t mind that her lover Shug comes home with a husband. She only cares that Shug is back with her, â€Å"the existence of a husband is irrelevant to what is important, the relationship between the two women†. Albert did not have a clue to what was going on between the two of them. He could understand they had become good friends in the time they had spent together and therefore wanted to sleep in the same bed but not once did he suspect them to have a sexual relationship. He put too much trust into Celie and Shug letting them be together alone for such a long time that Shug turned Celie into a more confident character, someone that has her own voice and can speak up for herself. Celie shows her strength again in the novel when she sacrifices herself to a traumatizing experience in order to protect and prevent her sister being raped. Alphonso abused Celie and she didn’t want the same to happen to Nettie, â€Å"I ast him to take me instead of Nettie†. Thinking Alphonso may not want her instead of Nettie she trys to seduce him, â€Å"I tell him I can fix myself up for him. I duck into my room and come out wearing horsehair, feathers, and a pair of our new mammy high heel shoes. He beat me for dressing trampy but he do it to me anyway†. Celie here shows her willingness to protect her little sister from the pain and suffering she had previously encountered, in order to save Nettie being sexually abused she puts herself through it again. Walker highlights the lack of power experienced by many poor black females living in the southern states through the character of Celie. She comes from a black background which therefore disadvantages her because in the time the novel was set being a black female was quite low down, they were still being treated like slaves due to her being black but also female as in those times the male role dominated. Celie was therefore used to accepting some racism from the whites. This is shown when she goes into town and bumps into her baby and her step mother in a store where the clerk was rude and showed no good manners to them. He speaks in an imperative tone, â€Å"girl you want that cloth or not? We got other customers sides you†. Celie also wrote about black on black racial insults. One example is when Albert’s sisters came round to visit and they described Albert’s first wife as â€Å"too black†. Lighter skin was seen as more beautiful then darker skin. Squeak after being raped by her uncle Bubber Hodges, asked Harpo â€Å"do you really love me, or just my colour† Squeak thought it was because of her light coloured skin due to the fact she is mixed race that Harpo was attracted to her and not because he truly loved her. Here power was shown through skin colour and Walker highlights how deeply racism is embedded for example when the critics say she is writing against black people showing their racism. Andrea Stuart and Mary O’Conner both think Celie is only a victim of men in the physical world. Stuart states that â€Å"men are relegated to the periphery of female consciousness† Celie being a black women she was not only a slave to slavery but she was also a slave to the male authority, when slavery was abolished Celie saw the opportunity to free herself from the traditions that men come first.

Camparison Beween the Two Stories essays

Camparison Beween the Two Stories essays The two stories The third bank of the river and Love have some similarities and differences. They both have to do with deep understanding of life that the characters experience in their own little world. Some readers, like me for instance, will not understand the stories in the sense they were written. I think the authors write their stories in a broad kind of way so that readers can interpret the story anyway they see it fit. Authors go deep in their stories leaving the readers on their own to figure out the whole concept of a story. Despite the hardship of the interpretation of the two stories I was able to pick up some similarities and differences between the two. In the story Love Anna is bothered by the blind man not being able to enjoy life like normal people can. The author shows this by explaining that Anna goes on with her life and spends each day smoothly, but after the day she met that blind man everything changed. She looked at life as though it was unfair and cruel. Everything annoyed her, made her mad, she felt that life was filled to the brim with sickening nausea. It bothered her that she could see all the beauty of life but the blind man couldnt. This showed that we take life for granted, we dont see all the beautiful gifts we were given. We tend to ignore these things for we are more concerned about how to get through the day. We see the different view of life by the father in the The third bank of the river, he is not happy with the way life is and what happens during our lives. He sees that there isnt anything special that goes on in our existence. Life is pointless in his eyes, although we thank god everyday fo! r bringing us to this world. The narrator shows this when he tells us that his dad was circling around the river which symbolizes his life going round and round and not getting anywhere. River would represent life for it is spacious and ...

Taxation without representatio essays

Taxation without representatio essays During the colonization of the new world England was strongly against allowing colonies to engage in manufacturing their own goods and products as a form of econmic stability america. From the English point of view and mindset, I would completely agree how they ran the government and their colonies. They wanted to maintain the dependency that the group of people whom left England had on the motherland. Any country would do the same because of the great losses you would recieve in economnics if a large portion of working people left and formed their own independant group. The colonies manufacturing their own goods would mean that England would be unable to reap tax dues, and benefit from exporting to the new world. So, of course as the English motherland, I would feel they are totally correct. Why would you want to let a large amount of people stray off from your country and cause your economics to come to a downfall. As a large power you want control of everything. It would be intolerable for the new colonies to break off from England. Also, if the colonies manufactured their own goods they would self-harvest the ingredients/items/materials to create the goods. Another loss of money for the British. If colonists created copper pots for an inn, without importing from England, this would mean that the English don't tax the product, they don't get money for the copper material, and they get no money for the pots. Although this is a rare prediciment, it is how I could best explain the situation. I totally agree with what the English were doing and even know because we overcame them to become the great country we are today, the English was doing the right thing. While England wanted the new colonies to prosper, it was not for independance, it was to support the motherland. Some people could probably see the English as being tyrants and terrible people during the times they oppressed the colonies and forced strict laws ...

The Philosophical Foundations of the American Criminal Justice System Research Paper

The Philosophical Foundations of the American Criminal Justice System - Research Paper Example Some years after the independence before the alteration of its constitution, the courts were using a replica of the Great Britain courts. One reason that prompted a change in the constitution was that the British law did not offer equal justice and was favoring the English. Among the amendments that were made in the constitution was provision of due process that still exists in current U.S constitution that suspect possesses the right to be informed of accusations brought against him before appearing on the court and prepare for appropriate defense. The American police are responsible in the attainment of goals of the American criminal justice. They do this by arresting crime suspects, investigating crime, as well as facilitating correction. The American law enforcement is no exception of what America inherited from the Great Britain. Retribution is a method of punishment. Correction aims at reforming criminals and reshaping them to fit in the society. Yet again, it is important to remember that The American criminal Justice System borrows heavily from the Great Britain this notion of correction. Rehabilitation can be discussed under correction; however, it is far much better and humane form of punishment. As opposed to correction, which is a vindictive approach to crime, rehabilitation seeks to help convicted criminals to conform, embrace good moral behavior, and become useful members of the society. While The American criminal Justice has aims and principles that govern its operations, it is also founded on a philosophy.

Urban Planning Perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Urban Planning Perspectives - Essay Example In addition, regardless of the answers of the political authorities or stakeholders to the foregoing, additional fundamental planning principles or perspectives can be included. For instance, one planning principle that can be added is that urbanizing areas must also anticipate the needs of the future. Thus, for example, road widths must anticipate the traffic volumes of tomorrow and car volumes rather than the traffic volumes of the present. The needs assumed for planning must assume the needs of the future or perhaps a generation ahead rather than assuming only the needs of the current generation. The assumption on the demand for water, for example, must also factor in the needs of future generations rather than merely assume the needs of today. Planning must anticipate possible problems that can emerge. Another planning principle that will have to decided upon by political authorities pertain to what planning principle should be adopted by planning authorities pertaining to sustenance. Shall the planning authority assume national and/or international interdependence or sustenance or should the planning authority assume or adopt the principle of self-sufficient or self-sustaining urban areas? In general, urban areas have generally assumed that regions and areas are interdependent and, thus, did not attempt that all the needs of the city are satisfied by the urban area or the city itself. However, it is conceivable that we can find civil society groups lobbying that the city or urbanizing area adopt a planning principle aiming at self-sufficient urban areas or self-sufficient cities. The â€Å"self-sufficient† cities or urbanizing areas are supposedly able to acquire its sustenance entirely or solely from the city or the urbanizing area itself. Another planning principle that will have to decide by the political authorities in the urbanizing area or city is on the weight of function versus aesthetics in planning. Should the urbanizing area or city

Forum Discussion - Coca-cola Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Forum Discussion - Coca-cola Company - Essay Example riations.  So, before releasing any campaign in  the local  market, the national office of the company studies the future impact in country and modifies it per local culture before the release.   The company ensures that their marketing strategy includes local, national and regional traditions as well as customs. In Tunisia, the company sponsors the national football team, and engages the most popular singers to spread its message. As part of the CSR policy, the company sponsors students from this country for studying at Kelly School of Business at Indiana State University on  a regular  basis (Wagner).   Thanks for your response. As you know,  Coca-Cola is  a global corporation with appropriate company structure.   An essential part of company’s global business strategy, the sponsorship decisions are taken by integrated marketing department, located in headquarters of  Coca-Cola Company.   This department of the company is responsible for sponsorship, licensing and global media marketing strategies (Coca Cola). Since 1928, the company is sponsoring the Olympics, a global event handled solely by an integrated marketing department. Although, the company has been split in two parts -- Coco Cola Americas and Coca Cola International, the event will be promoted by both Coca Cola companies in their respective areas. Although  Coca-Cola is  a global company and uses  the global  approach for marketing its products,  the company policy regarding any ad campaign is to recognize the cultural and local variations and modify the campaign

Dreams as Narrative Pullers Essay Example for Free

Dreams as Narrative Pullers Essay Eminent film makers have used many of the unreciprocated phenomena’s of human life as a device to construct their quality narratives. Buddhaded Dasgupta’s use of dreams (rather than dreaming sequences) as a device to pull off his narratives need a special mention , for its holding power of the central premises and establishing lucid presentations, also making the distinction between manifestations and reality. An analysis of his placement of dreams to the central characters also gives us a picture of how effectively he uses it as a metaphor of emerging culture and human conditions as a whole. The present article is an exploration of how the diverse characters of Dasgupta’s films- ‘Mondo Meyer Upakhyan’ and ‘Kalpurush’ are loaded with pivotal dreams that force them to jump out of their existential problems, thereby acting as able narrative pullers. ( Sudheer S Salam, Lecturer, Dept. of Mass Communication and Journalism , University of kerala) See more: how to start a narrative essay There are hundreds of studies on dreams and their purposes to mankind. While some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, many others believe that it is essential to dream for a proper mental, emotional and physical well being. Freud was fond of repeating that dreams provide a royal road to the unconscious activities of the mind. In his masterpiece, The Interpretation of Dreams, Freud makes consistent use of the metaphor of a journey. Sigmund Freud’s theory of dreams suggested that dreams were a representation of unconscious desires, thoughts and motivations. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic view of personality, people are driven by aggressive and sexual instincts that are repressed from conscious awareness. While these thoughts are not consciously expressed, they find their way into our awareness via dreams. (Freud,2000) While this theory suggests that dreams are the result of internally generated signals, Hobson(1999) does not believe that dreams are meaningless. Instead, he suggests that dreaming is †¦our most creative conscious state, one in which the chaotic, spontaneous recombination of cognitive elements produces novel configurations of information: new ideas. While many or even most of these ideas may be nonsensical, if even a few of its fanciful products are truly useful, our dream time will not have been wasted† Ernest Hoffman, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Newton Wellesley Hospital in Boston, Mass., suggests that a possible (though certainly not proven) function of a dream is to be weaving new material into the memory system in a way that both reduces emotional arousal and is adaptive in helping us cope with further trauma or stressful events.(Hartman, 2006) Though the discourse over the actuality of dreams is yet to find proper resolve, they are made use of and interpreted in multitude of ways in various art forms propagated by humans. Filmmakers use dreams as essential helping points in their narration of their plot. Narrative is such a way of comprehending space, time, and causality. Since in film there are at least two important frames of reference for understanding space, time, and causality, narrative in film is the principle by which data is converted from the frame of the screen into a diegesis a world that frames a particular story, or sequence of action, in that world; equally, it is the principle by which data is converted from story onto screen (Branigan, 1992) Dreams often can be used to mislead the audience by making them believe that some events are actually taking place but in reality are only dreams. The films often illustrates in dramatic fashion that our dream environments (composed of, say, buildings, natural scenes, or fantastical landscapes) are all creations of our brain, somehow. Some of these creations are as enchanting as a science fiction film by Lucas or as dramatic as a tragedy by Coppola. In our dream world, we do not consider such landscapes and other creations to be self-generated, though of course both the dream setting and the image of ourselves within the setting are fabricated by the same brain. Other components of the dream world, such as decisions, preferences, and action selection can be construed as self-generated. Aspects of these self-generated processes resemble those of waking life: Deciding which alley to run down when escaping a foe is a similar deliberation in a dream or in waking life. (Morsella, 2010) By expressing a life problem metaphorically, the dream impels the individual toward his goal (often an unsocial goal) with increased emotional power. For illustration, the writer interprets dreams of falling, flying, paralysis, examinations, and other common dreams. The dreamer, self-deceived, does not recognize the purpose of his own metaphor. When he does, dreams have no further danger for him. The more courageously and realistically one meets the problems of life, the less one dreams, but absence of dreams may also be due to lack of imagination (Alder, 1936) Many film makers around the world has used dreams as a device to pull on the narratives and built on it. Budhadeb DasGupta, one of the most renowned filmmaker of India is one who presents dreams as a narrative device to hold the movie and to ‘pull’ the narrative through a chain of events. His two recent surrealistic films ‘Mondo Meyer Upakyan’ (Life at the Throw of a Dice) and ‘Kaalpurush’(Memories in the mist) which also won the highest accolades of India, the National awards for best films, rightly exemplify how this technique can be wisely used by the filmmakers of caliber, extraordinary. In all of his films, the poetic notion of dream has a prominence, rarely if ever to be found in the political or social film. Every character are planted with a definite dream, much varied from their immediate materialistic circumstances, one which is quite difficult to attain, the struggle for which propel the entire plot to a more phantasmagoric finale. The moon landing to flare up child dreams ‘ Mondo meyer Upakhyan’(2002) tells about the fourteen year old Lati’s pursuit for liberation from a type of life that has been programmed for her by her mother Rajani, the mistress of unfashionable brothel. Rajani on the other hand is not wicked or ruthless as you expect of her. She is but is trying to give her daughter a better living status than that of any usual whore residing in the brothel. She locates a wealthy middle-aged man named Natabar Paladhi, who finds it the most lovable hobby to watch pornographic films in his own theatre. Paladhi is also hoping to take the adolescent Lati as his mistress, along with her mother in a house that has been built especially for her. The girl is but disgusted at the options of a life offered to her where she is remain as a plaything of a man who is more than four times her age. She is more focused on her own ambition of pursuing her education than to approve such an agreement. However, Rajani has already taken Lati out of her school as a first step in preparing her for the new career. But Lati tries to keep in contact with her learning exercises with the help of her young friend Shibu and the teacher Nagen whom she greatly admires. Her desperate attempts to learn, finally forces her to renounce a life of prostitution and to run away to Calcutta with her teacher who has been promoted to a school there. The most interesting aspect of the movie is its narrative technique where Lati’s story is narrated parallel to the man’s attempt to land on moon and finally her liberation from the village and the brothel is interestingly placed on the same day as the man’s first moon landing. In two of the subplots of the movie are three young prostitutes who are also seeking to break free from a profession that binds them in thraldom, and an infirm elderly couple who are forced to be on Ganesh’s Jeep (driver of Paladhi), travelling around hidden in its dickie to find a hospital. It is more than a poetic connotation to say that for Lati’s dreaming of being in Calcutta for pursuing her education from a distant, isolated village is more like what had been the dream of being in moon to Neil Armstrong and the entire mankind. It even seems further away and harder to get into Calcutta than the moon landing itself. Also depicted are the other moons to be reached for by the other characters on screen, such as the promotion in Calcutta to which the country School master is headed. Interestingly, in the entire film, the school teacher of Lati is shown always in a bicycle travelling across frames, but never is he shown teaching in some school. The three young prostitutes is the movie realize of their ‘ moons’ only in the finale of the narratives- the desire of ultimate freedom from exploitation where there is reciprocal love and wholesome satisfaction. The entire characters in the movie, except Lati and Rejani does not seem to have solid ideas of how to reach their moons (dreams) and the journey to it’s fulfilment is likely to be as subjected to probabilities and chances, as the elderly couple finally settle down in excitement and fulfilment with the play of ludo rather than looking for proper medication. They were traveling far and wide hiding in the jeep in the dreams of locating a distant hospital, the possibility of which is mentioned intermittently but never ever shown. But it seems that the entire travelling for days, the rarest of the things that may have happened in their life, has transformed them from ailing seniors at decrepitude to young minds who could even enjoy the childish games. Whether they are ultimately successful or not is of no interest; what matters is that they from their adverse conditions are human enough to dream and courageous enough to realize their fulfilment and their dreams in a Ludo board. The sphere of acquisitiveness and venality that is Rajani’s moon depends entirely on others for its attainment. It can be reached only if circumstance out of her dreams can change, but Lati’s journey to her moon is clearly determined. (Hood,2005) Perhaps Nadaber Paladi enriched in his world of fantasy and drowsiness is altogether unaware of his definite moon and so is comfortable, remaining in his cinema hall repeatedly dosing in front of the pornographic loop, which doesn’t in fact bore him even after repeated views, and in him the filmmaker suggests the possibilities of a subtle moon(dream) which goes satisfied with his repeated vision of the same stuff. Nevertheless, the capriciousness of the world in which Dasgupta has placed this young girl, Lati, is hardly minimized by the execution of her intention, for the most prominent determinant in this film is chance. Film advances the idea that maybe life does progress by chance as though it is determined by the throw of a dice. The importance of chance as a determinant in the life is determined in a number of ways, across all the characters in the movie. Mystic memories around an American dream Kalpurush’ is all about the life of Sumanto, a selfless and generous government servant, who eventually wins over the grim circumstances of his life. Belittled professionally and betrayed in his marriage and treated as a figure of ridicule by almost all he meets in life, Sumanto but make adjustments to life suprisingly different from the regular ones.(Mehta,2008) The movie opens in a tram at night with Sumanto and Ashwini seated on different chairs. And when the tram comes to a stop, Sumanto gets down followed by Ashwini down the deserted lanes of this para city. Ashwini begins to narrate the story where we understands that Sumanto is his son and that he has yet to tell him a lot. An element of suspense creeps in as the audience is left in doubt whether Ashwini is real or apparitional. The narrative, almost immediately, jump-cuts to a rugged village where Ashwini is seen talking to his wife Putul, under a leafless tree that has gathered the twilight grey. Ashwini tells her about his meeting with their son and asks about how she is keeping these days. Ashwini’s conversation with Putul gives us a feeling of dejavu: they seem to have met after a separation of a few days, or a few days, or may be a few months. The suspense deepens as the narrative leaps back to Sumanto’s routine life of a plain and honest Govt. employee married to a school teacher, Supriya -a visibly irritable lady without any respect for Sumanto, who she believes, epitomizes failure. She converses with her lover over the land phone, evenwhile Sumanto is in the vicinity. It is, however, not made clear whether she is aware of Sumanto’s presence or she underestimates him so much that she does not care whether he is in-the-know or ignorant of her extra-marital liaison. If honesty defines Sumanto’s basic nature, a loveless world around forces him into worshipping human bonds. He appears naà ¯ve and open up to his father Ashwini about how his eyes were up tears as he sees someone wiping the tears off the cheeks of someone else. Very submissive and docile, he almost makes a fool of himself as he admiringly gazes at a couple making love in the public park, and even surprises the television news reader whom he mets on street by asking him immature questions about the business of news reporting. Even when Supriya almost blandly tells him that he is not the father of his children, he hardly reacts and never let this information dwindle his love for the two kids. We are often made to think that Sumanto has already known about this information, which has no effect on his equation with them. Sumanto appear irritable and upright while he upset the hierarchy by not penning a favorable inspection report to support one of the business men. Making his unconventionality, a mode of rebellion, he with a greedy and cruel world around is shown with a penchant for connecting with love. This aspect of his character recalls the network of electric cables with which the film open, this network metaphorically signifies the importance of human bonding. The sequential convergence of two separate historically and personally relevant time periods of Sumanto and Ashwini also helps Dasgupta to reveal Sumanto’s and Ashwini’s behavioral pattern of anonymous affairs, emotional isolation, and inner chaos, paralleling their self-destructive behavior with the national crisis of identity, and cultural disconnection. There are two dreams that act as the primary determinants of the narrative routes of ‘Kalpurush’. The first is Supriya’s obsession with â€Å"America’ –a land to which her longing is so much intense that she hardly recognizes the routine bests available around her, including Sumanto or her kids. From the opening reels Supriya is obsessed with her impending two-month sojourn in the United States at her brother’s. And towards the end, Supriya is shown to have reached her dream winning a prize to be in her dreamland.(Mehta, 2008) The second dream is a fallen one, about Kusumpur, the imaginative land which Ashwini looks for all his life. Nobody knows the geographical location of this land, suggested as an impossible knowledge. Placing diametrically opposite to Supriya’s realization of her America, the Kusumpur(s) of the mind, appear as a Utopian destination which means different things to different people. As in Das Gupta’s earlier movie Uttara, where a group of illiterate, underfed, haggard old men embarks on a journey by foot to America, the land where nobody starves, here Kusumpur is Ashwini’s America, the land of overabundance, prosperity and nourishment. This highly politicized representation of America as the dreamland, the land of wish-fulfilment, projected so in every popular discourse of an average Indian has etched upon the collective unconscious of the masses, especially of the Third World. Therefore, Supriya, a mundane school teacher almost goes berserk as the invitation of his brother to spend a couple of months in the States. She urges Sumanto to buy her every possible Bengali book available on America. The titles available, to Sumanto’s astonishment, are countless, and underscore the authors’ sycophantic reverence for the country. While Supriya revels in the golden opportunity of flying to this dreamland, which also becomes her Kusumpur, the regional television channel airs news about America’s imperialistic designs almost unemotionally. Only once, does the newsreader lose control and intersperse the news with unspeakable abuses, giving expression to his anger directed to â€Å"butcherng† America. However, all this happens is Sumanto’s imagination/dream, the newsreader’s outrage actually a projection of his feeling. The ‘Other’ as hero Simple, concrete and pictorial images of the poet turned filmmaker in DasGupta, is affected with an economy of language. The presentation of image and idea bears meticulous attention to an appropriate relationship with form; and the piece has a clear integrity which accommodates the emotions as much as the intellect. (Hood, 2005) His Naxalite sympathizing and hope for a class –less equi focal world has created a notion of ‘distance’ in his films, with its ramifications of detachment, alienation and remoteness governed by a poetic perspective. This might be the reason for the formulation of a distanced ‘Other’ that is often the ultimate destination and hoped for in all his movies. Moving close to the setup of neo-sociopolitical and moral binaries America/ the rest of the world, city/country, cinema/other forms of popular art, dishonesty/honesty, so on and so forth, DasGupta’s films offer a lot of codes that stands apart for its placement of oppo sites. (Hood,2005) In ‘Mondo Meyer Upakhyan’, Calcutta with its immaculate freedom, wisdom and knowledge is set as a binary to the isolated brothel housing Lati and Rajani, with hardly any freedom or space for learning. And ultimately, the schoolmaster Nagen is destined to join the ‘other’ with the ever aspiring strong willed Lati, who seems like wrongly placed in the opposite part of the esteemed elements. Even as Neil Armstrong finally clinches his long chased moon, his one of the binary here is the jeep and its driver Ganesh who transverse through isolated unending landscapes, seeking to look for what is not to be found (this case, a hospital).The three young prostitutes, who long for an escape from their life of deceit and humiliation in the brothel is looking for an other possibility of a life without men.(Mehta, 2008) Honest and idealistic, with his root firm on a craggy village with its share of mythological ballads and myths, the protagonist of Kalpurush seldom shows any inclination to America, which his wife finds as the best of the world’s that she can accomplish. That’s enough reason to look upon him as the ‘Other’ . Another similar reference is of an ideal ‘Kusumpur’ a place long ago and far away, which beckons us when life’s complexities beckons us to return to nature’s solidities, the perfect other space than the couple’s, contrasting life . But by Ashwini’s mention about this place that cannot be travelled, DasGupta also cites that life is not that full and perfect, even in the most idealistic ‘Kusumpur ‘or in ‘America’. Dasgupta also travels an ‘Other’ in a typical Bengali folk art ‘Jatra’ with its share of heavy emotions, glittering costumes, and loud make-up, which for ms the central to the narrative of ‘Kalpurush , even while dealing through the most dazzling and powerful of the modern media – cinema. In both these movies the maverick filmmaker seems to have shown his affinity to deficient and entirely unattainable conundrums of our romantic social structures, that is the family. At the risk of generalization, it may be said that DasGupta’ attempts to establish counter-hegemony of the ‘Other’ of complete, well served families with the placement of incomplete fundamental social group in its settings through his films. In fact, DasGupta seems to be looking on for very prosaic conceptualization of ‘concept of lack’. This ‘lack’ is their in Mondo Meyer Upakhyan, as Lati is presented with a mother, but not a father. And Shibu, the child of washerman is presented with a father, but not a mother. Natabar Paladhi makes mention of his wife and family, but is never shown one. There is no reference to the family life of Ganesh or Nakul or Nagen. The old couple is rejected by their larger family and is left now in the mindset of venturing children. Similar is the fate of the inmates of the brothel, whose ‘lack’ is infuriated with every one night stands. In ‘Kaalpurush’, Sumanto is not dissatisfied or regretful with his fate of being alone with adopted children, after his wife walks out of his life. Supriya is more than happy to lead a life with avarice and materialism, even lonely, but in America. Putul and Ashwini’s women friend working with Jatra is also shown isolated and trauma- filled for their existance. Dr.Ashwini continues with his work after being left out of his wife and is attempted to be killed by his son, but in his later spiritual talks ,express his nostalgia for a life that he put an end to without knowing its value. And this remains the only point where Dasgupta constructs the values of form of their relationship more than the relationship itself. However, such an observation is also subject to debate. In the ultimate analysis, what one sees in a Dasgupta movies are welcome minimalism and ordinary individuals with mostly unattainable dreams, shorn of weird dramatization, so regular in Indian cinem a. References Adler, A.(1936) On the interpretation of dreams. Int. J. Indiv. Psychol., 2, 3-16. Branigan, Edward (1992): Narrative Comprehension and the Fiction Film. London: Routledge Ezequiel Morsella (2010), On the Film Inception: Observations about Dreams and in Dreams , Published on July 29, 2010 Freud,S.(1900) The Interpretation of Dreams, Hartman, E. (2006). Why do we dream? Scientific American. Hobson, J. A. (1999). Consciousness. New York: Scientific American Library. Hood, John.W, (2005) The Films of Buddhadeb Dasgupta, Delhi: Orient Longman. Mehta,Anita(2008), On Times that pass and men who live in them, Osian Cinemaya, Vol.1,No 3. Monaco, James(2007) How to read a film: the world of movies, media and multimedia, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.